Qhov kub ntawm aramid fiber ntau tuaj yeem tiv taus li cas?
Aramid fiber ntau tau yug los thaum xyoo 1960s. Nws tau pib khaws cia zais cia ua cov khoom siv rau kev txhim kho qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, ntxiv ntau yam tsis paub. Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Txias, aramid fiber ntau, ua cov khoom siv high-tech fiber ntau, tau siv dav hauv pej xeem, thiab nws maj mam nthuav tawm nws qhov tseeb. Lub npe tag nrho ntawm aramid fiber yog "aramid fiber", uas yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws tshwj xeeb. Vim hais tias cov saw hlau ntev-polymer molecules uas tsim cov fibers muaj cov pab pawg amide, lawv yog cov polyamide fibers zoo li nylon. Qhov sib txawv yog tias cov polymer macromolecules uas ua rau nylon yog aliphatic chains uas txuas cov amide pawg, thaum lub aromatic polyamide fibers uas txuas cov pab pawg amide yog aromatic rings los yog derivatives ntawm aromatic rings, yog li cov fibers no yog collectively hu ua aromatic. Aramid fiber, hu ua aramid.
Aramid fibers feem ntau muab faib ua ob hom: para-aramid fibers thiab meta-aramid fibers. Ntawm lawv, meta-aramid fiber ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm aramid fiber ntau 1313, uas muaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm "fireproof fiber". Para-fiber yog sawv cev los ntawm aramid 1414, uas muaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm "bulletproof fiber".
Aramid 1313 fiber ntau yog thawj zaug ua tiav los ntawm DuPont hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1967. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm aramid 1313 fiber ntau yog nws qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, uas tuaj yeem siv rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. 220 degree tsis muaj kev laus. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem khaws cia rau 10 xyoo, thiab nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev. Lub thermal shrinkage tus nqi ntawm txog 250 degree tsuas yog 1 feem pua, thiab nws yuav tsis ntsws, embrittle, soften los yog yaj thaum raug kub ntawm 300 degree rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv. carbonized. Xws li thermal stability yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov organic kub-resistant fibers tam sim no.
Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ua los ntawm aramid 1313 fiber ntau tsis kub hnyiab, poob, thiab tawm cov pa taws thaum muaj hluav taws, thiab muaj cov nyhuv hluav taws kub zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsib qhov kub siab ntawm 900-1500 degree, daim ntaub nto yuav tsum ceev ceev carbonized thiab thickened, ua ib tug tshwj xeeb thermal rwb thaiv tsev thaiv los tiv thaiv tus neeg hnav los ntawm kev khiav. Yog tias ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog aramid 1414 fiber ntau ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov ntaub los ntawm tawg thiab tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij ntawm xob laim arc, hluav taws xob arc, hluav taws xob zoo li qub, nplaim taws thiab lwm yam.
Aramid 1313 non-ferrous fibers tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau yam kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb xws li davhlau suits, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus sib tua, hluav taws kub sib ntaus sib tua, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob vuam zuag qhia tag nrho, lub zog sib npaug sib npaug, hluav taws xob pov thawj, tshuaj tiv thaiv suits, high-voltage shielding suits, thiab lwm yam. Aviation, aerospace, tub rog khaub ncaws, tiv thaiv hluav taws, petrochemical, hluav taws xob, roj, metallurgy, kev sib tw thiab ntau lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim, aramid fiber ntau fabrics kuj tau lug siv nyob rau hauv tsev so textiles, txoj kev cawm seej, tsev neeg hluav taws-resistant decorations, ironing board npog, chav ua noj hnab looj tes, thiab nplaim-retardant pajamas los tiv thaiv cov laus thiab cov me nyuam.
Aramid 1414 fiber ntau yog golden daj nyob rau hauv tsos thiab zoo li ci iab hlau threads, tab sis nws yog tiag tiag ib tug kua siv lead ua polymer uas muaj xws li nruj ntev molecules. Vim tias nws cov saw hlau molecular yog qhov taw qhia zoo raws li qhov ntev ntawm kev taw qhia thiab muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov saw hlau sib txuas, nws ua rau cov fiber ntau nrog lub zog tsis tau pom dua, siab modulus thiab kub tsis kam. Kev tshawb pom ntawm aramid 1414 fiber ntau yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom lag luam.
Aramid 1414 fiber ntau muaj zog heev, uas yog 5-6 npaug ntawm cov hlau zoo, lub modulus yog 2-3 npaug ntawm cov hlau los yog iav fiber ntau, qhov toughness yog 2 npaug ntawm cov hlau, thiab cov qhov hnyav tsuas yog 1/5 ntawm cov hlau. Kev siv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm aramid 1414 fiber ntau yog qhov dav heev, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm siv sijhawm ntev hauv thaj tsam ntawm -196-204 degree . Tus nqi shrinkage ntawm 150 degree yog 0, thiab nws tsis decompose los yog yaj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 560 degree. Lub tshav kub tsis kam yog zoo dua li aramid 1313 fiber ntau, thiab nws muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab corrosion kuj. Lub koob npe nrov ntawm "synthetic steel hlau".
Aramid 1414 fiber ntau yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab xws li kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab kev lag luam tub rog. Ntau lub teb chaws cov tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm siv ntau cov aramid 1414 fibers hauv cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv, cov kaus mom tsis muaj phom, cov ntawv pov thawj thiab tiv thaiv kev txiav, foob foob foob pob tawg, muaj zog parachutes, mos txwv lub tsheb lub cev, armor phaj, thiab lwm yam. Raws li cov khoom siv high-tech fiber ntau, nws tau siv dav hauv ntau yam ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam xws li aerospace, electromechanical, kev tsim kho, tsheb, cov khoom siv dej hauv hiav txwv, thiab cov khoom ua si.